• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    SUMMARY The present invention relates to a muffler 100 for mounting inside a ventilation duct 50. The muffler comprises an outer casing 101, a continuous inner tube 110 arranged inside the casing which forms a | through the muffler, and a muffler 102 arranged in the space between the inner tube and the outer casing. Furthermore, the inner tube is flexible, i.e. flexible in at least transverse direction relative to the extent of the inner tube, or at least allows for elongation and compression in the longitudinal direction relative to the extent of the inner tube. This makes it possible in an advantageous manner to provide mufflers with internally curved air ducts, and the advantage is also obtained in the manufacture of mufflers with inner tubes as the flexible inner tube allows large tolerance deviations with respect to length. Fig. Ia
    公开号:SE1350607A1
    申请号:SE1350607
    申请日:2013-05-17
    公开日:2014-11-18
    发明作者:Lars Gunnar Johansson
    申请人:Hallströms Verkstäder Aktiebolag C；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    15 20 25 30 2 air ducts, and is given advantage in the manufacture of mufflers with inner tubes as the flexible inner tube allows large tolerance deviations with respect to length.
    With an inner tube that is flexible in the longitudinal direction relative to the extent of the tube, the inner tube is advantageously compressed to take up less space than a rigid inner tube during transport and storage, for example. During assembly, the inner tube is then stretched to the desired length for attachment to the outer casing.
    According to an embodiment of the muffler, the wall of the inner tube is arranged to be air-permeable or comprises an air-permeable material, which increases the sound-absorbing properties of the muffler by the sound waves more easily penetrating the inner tube to the surrounding absorption material.
    According to an embodiment of the muffler, the inner tube comprises a woven or non-woven nonwoven fabric, which is advantageous when this type of nonwoven fabric is air permeable. Preferably, the nonwoven fabric is selected with a thickness that allows a reinforcing structure (optional) to be arranged inside the fabric.
    According to an embodiment of the muffler, the wall of the inner tube further comprises a reinforcing structure. The reinforcing structure advantageously reinforces the inner tube to ensure that a certain predetermined inner diameter is obtained along the air duct of the muffler. Furthermore, the reinforcement ensures that the inner tube cannot be sucked together (imploded) and cause a blockage in an exhaust air system. As mentioned above, according to embodiments of the invention, the reinforcing structure is advantageously arranged inside the wall of the inner tube. It can, for example, be cast in, or woven into the wall. According to one embodiment of the muffler, the reinforcing structure comprises metal wire or plastic wire.
    This results in a more cost-effective production with a safer and cheaper product as a result.
    According to an embodiment of the muffler, the reinforcing structure is arranged as one of a plurality of rings distributed along the inner tube, a helically wound wire, or a net structure. According to one embodiment, the reinforcing structure consists of a crenellated wire mesh arranged in or around the wall of the inner tube, or a woven mesh structure. According to an embodiment of the muffler, the reinforcing structure comprises connecting elements arranged at a respective end portion of the inner tube, which is advantageous when these connecting elements facilitate mounting to the muffler's outer casing or connection socket.
    According to an embodiment of the muffler, the inner tube is mounted so that the extent of the air duct through the muffler is pivoted, for example by the inner tube being arranged to form at least an S- or U-shaped part of the air duct through the muffler. The design of the present invention with a curved air duct through the muffler is advantageous as the flow passage of air through the ventilation duct changes direction one or more times. The changed direction of the air duct through the ventilation duct interferes with sound waves transmitted through the ventilation duct, which thereby lose some of their sound energy through a reactive sound attenuation. Further attenuation of the sound energy takes place through absorption, ie. the sound energy is transferred to heat in the absorption material. By bending the air duct through the muffler, the maximum area of the inner tube wall is increased for a given length of the muffler, which in turn increases the sound absorption through the muffler.
    According to embodiments of the invention, the sound-absorbing material is arranged, for example, by means of traditional loose insulation, such as rock wool or glass wool, which requires that the insulation be encapsulated so that particles do not enter the ventilation duct. Alternatively, sound-absorbing materials such as dimensionally stable foam, e.g. polyurethane foam which can also be flame retardant can be used. Self-extinguishing, insulating materials that do not maintain fire are advantageous to use in mufflers to allow (higher) fire rating of the muffler.
    According to an embodiment of the muffler, it comprises at least one control means arranged to determine the stretch of the inner tube through the muffler. According to an embodiment of the muffler, the control means comprises a plate with a bushing for the inner tube, an annular holder, a flange with supporting profile / supporting surface for indicating the position and stretching / extension of the inner tube. A plate is advantageous in order to obtain an even distribution of the sound-absorbing material, for example when it consists of sound insulation.
    Brief Description of the Drawings The invention will now be further described with reference to non-limiting exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Corresponding components in the working examples have the same reference numerals.
    Fig. 1a) is a schematic partially open cross-sectional side view of an embodiment of a sound-absorbing device according to the present invention in mounted position in a ventilation duct, and Fig. 1b) shows a detail of the fig. 1a) showed the embodiment; Fig. 2a) schematically illustrates a cross-sectional side view of an embodiment of a sound-absorbing device according to the present invention, and Fig. 2b) shows a detail therein; Figs. 3a) and 3b) schematically illustrate a cross-sectional side view of a respective embodiment of a sound-absorbing device according to the present invention; and Figs. 4a) - 4d) show schematic side views of an inner tube according to embodiments of a muffler according to the present invention.
    Description of Preferred Embodiments Fig. 1a) schematically illustrates a partially open side view of a muffler 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, which is mounted in a ventilation system represented here by a ventilation duct 50 to which the muffler 100 is connected via two (outer) connection sockets 150 .
    The muffler 100 further comprises an outer casing 101, which here consists of a sheet metal tube with two opposite ends in which a respective connecting socket 150 is arranged, further a continuous inner tube 110, which is coaxially arranged with the outer casing, and a sound-absorbing material 102 which fills the space bounded by the outer casing and the inner tube 110. The inner tube is air permeable to provide good sound attenuation. The inner tube 110 in this example consists of a nonwoven nonwoven fabric in which the wall 112 of the tube 112 is a reinforcing structure, which in this exemplary embodiment consists of light rings 111 of metal, are woven. The rings 111 are oriented substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the inner tube and are evenly distributed along the wall 112 of the inner tube with a mutual distance of d mm when fully extended. The rings 111 ensure that the wall 112 of the inner tube 112 does not collapse, while at the same time allowing the inner tube 110 to be compressed and extended in the longitudinal direction. With an inner tube which is flexible in the longitudinal direction relative to the tube, the inner tube is advantageously compressed in an unassembled condition, as illustrated in the detail figure for the inner tube 110 'in Fig. 1a), in order to take up less space during transport and storage, for example. than a rigid inner tube. During assembly, the inner tube 110 is then extended to the desired length for attachment to the outer casing 101. attachment of the inner tube to the outer casing according to the illustrated embodiment is arranged by threading the respective end portion 110a of the inner tube 110 and attaching it to a respective connecting socket 152 on which a projecting stop edge 151 is arranged, see detail in Fig. 1b). In order that the inner tube does not slide, a respective tube clamp 121 is arranged on the outside of the end portion 110a and at the stop edge 151, which locks the inner tube 110 to the connection socket 152. Alternatively, the inner tube can be fastened by means of a metal band or the like. Furthermore, the connection socket 152 is fixed here at the reduction end 101b (and / or to the outer connection socket 150) by means of rivets 120. Several ways of attaching the inner tube / socket to the muffler housing are conceivable. One way is that said socket fits inside the outer connection socket of the muffler which can then be spot welded or riveted together.
    The non-woven fabric in the inner tube has a weight per unit area of about 100 g / m2 and is 2.5 mm thick. A weight per unit area for a nonwoven fabric according to the invention is suitably selected within the range 80 - 200 g / mm 2, and the suitable thickness is about 1 - 5 mm.
    The ventilation duct 50 is here a circular longitudinally extended pipe with a diameter of ®100 mm which is made of hot-dip galvanized steel sheet Z 275 with a layer thickness of 19 μm on each side. The pipe is intended for 10 15 20 25 30 6 ventilation duct systems according to the dimension standard SS-EN 1506: 2007. For ventilation ducts of a shape other than a circular pipe, such as, for example, rectangular ventilation ducts, the muffler's connection socket is adapted to the current type of ventilation duct.
    Fig. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional side view of a muffler 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The muffler 200 here comprises an outer casing 201 with a rectangular cross-sectional area which encloses an inner space 250. The casing comprises two opposite ends 202, 203 in which a respective socket 204 for connection to ventilation ducts is arranged. The respective sockets 204 are arranged at substantially the same height in a respective upper part of the end caps 202, 203 of the housing. The muffler further comprises a flexible inner tube 210 which is connected to the respective sockets 204 and thereby provides an air duct extending through the muffler 200. The provided air duct formed by the inner tube 210 is here pivoted so that a U-shaped air duct is provided. The curved shape of the inner tube 210 is provided by a control means for determining the extent of the flexible inner tube 210 through the muffler 200. The control means here comprises three control elements: two sleeves 220 arranged at each socket (which may alternatively consist of extension into the muffler of existing socket), and a rectangular plate 219 arranged in the middle of the inner space 250, which is adapted to divide the inner space 250 into two respective chambers 215 and 216. The plate 219 shown in more detail in Fig. 2b) is provided with an opening 212 corresponding to the outer diameter of the inner tube 210, through which opening 212 the inner tube runs in mounted position, the location of the opening on the plate 219 thus controlling the stretch of the inner tube 210 through the center of the muffler. The opening 212 is here located in the lower part of the inner space, wherein, with the shown orientation and the location of the plate 219 inside the outer casing 201, the inner tube 210 extends through the lower part of the inner space at the center of the muffler.
    The muffler 200 further comprises sound-absorbing material arranged in the inner space 250 formed between the outer casing 201 and the inner tube 210. In the embodiment shown here, by means of the plate 219 different chambers 215, 216 are formed which is advantageous when Loose insulation is used because the chambers 215, 216 hold the insulation in place. According to an alternative embodiment, the insulation is arranged along the inner walls of the muffler and optionally as cladding of the plate. In this case, (air-filled) cavities are formed at least in parts of the inner space of the muffler. The chambers that are formed are so-called Helmholtz resonators, which advantageously allows further sound attenuation of the muffler, especially at low frequencies.
    According to various embodiments, the chambers are only air-filled or are filled with porous insulation as above.
    According to an embodiment of the muffler, the sound-absorbing material in the inner space 250 consists of at least two different insulating materials, the two different insulating materials having different densities and thicknesses. This gives an advantage when mixing porous sound-absorbing materials with less porous sound-absorbing materials, ie. material of different density, a muffler with a wider frequency range for the sound absorption is provided. A high density material absorbs sound of higher frequencies better than a low density material and vice versa.
    According to the invention, a control means for determining the extent of the inner tube through the muffler may consist of, for example, an insulating plate, with or without holes for the inner tube, or an ordinary plate, with or without holes for the inner tube. In the case of an insulating or sheet metal plate (or alternatively several fiber or sheet metal plates) without holes, its length and location within the inner space 250 are suitably selected so that a free passage for the inner tube is allowed at the desired position.
    Fig. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of a muffler 300 according to the present invention, which like the muffler 200 shown in Fig. 2 comprises an outer casing 301 with a substantially rectangular cross-section, in which casing 301 two sockets 304 are arranged in respective opposite ends 302 , 303.
    A flexible inner tube 310 is connected between the two sockets 304 and forms an air duct through the muffler 300. The muffler further comprises sound-absorbing material 320 arranged in the space between the housing 301 and the inner tube 310.
    In this embodiment, the visible inner tube 310 is pivoted so as to provide a substantially S-shaped air passage. To hold the inner tube in place to form an S-shaped air duct, here a flange 330 with a supporting profile is arranged in a side piece of the outer casing and perpendicular to the extent of the air duct through the muffler, against which flange the inner tube abuts so. that it forms an S through the muffler. The flange 330 is advantageously perforated so that sound from the air duct accesses the sound-absorbing material 320 which is arranged in the muffler. Another way of arranging a supporting profile is, for example, by arranging annular holders which are mounted at predetermined positions in the inner space through which the inner tube is threaded during mounting. According to one embodiment, the inner tube is held only by fixing to the nozzle 304 at the respective outlet. Alternatively, an insulating or sheet metal plate with or without holes may be used to arrange the curved shape of the inner tube in a manner similar to that described to provide the U-shape in FIG. 2.
    Fig. 3b) shows an embodiment where two supporting elements 321 are arranged continuously and perpendicularly in relation to the extension of the sound channel between two side pieces of the outer casing 301. In the figure only cross-sections of the two supporting elements 321 are visible.
    Referring now to Fig. 4, which shows the inner tube for four different embodiments of the muffler according to the present invention, according to the invention the inner tube fl is excellently arranged in that it can be bent in transverse direction relative to the longitudinal extent of the tube and / or compressed - extended in a direction parallel to the longitudinal extent of the tube. This is achieved according to different embodiments of the muffler by, for example, as shown in Fig. 4a) providing a perforated hose 401 arranged in a flexible material, for example rubber, where perforations 402 provide air holes in the pipe wall 403 so that the flowing air (gas) can come in contact with the sound-absorbing material via these air holes 402. For this type of inner tube, no separate support structure is usually required to maintain a minimum desired diameter inside the inner tube, as the material choice for the hose can be made so that the rubber hose, despite its flexibility, in itself is rigid enough to support the air duct. However, a support structure can advantageously be arranged by means of sleeves 408 at the ends of the hose 401 as shown in Fig. 4a), which facilitates mounting to the outer casing.
    According to one embodiment of the muffler, the inner tube 403 shown in Figure 4b) comprises a thinner material in the wall 405, for example a nonwoven nonwoven fabric. Here, a support structure 404 is provided in the wall 405 of the inner tube through rings 404 as previously described with reference to Fig. 1.
    According to another embodiment of the muffler, the inner tube 406, see Fig. 4c) is arranged in a similar manner as in 4b), but here the support structure is arranged as a helically wound wire 407 which runs through the wall 405 of the inner tube and which allows bending of the the inner tube 406 and compression and extraction as previously described by the inner tube 406. According to a further embodiment, the support structure is arranged as a mesh structure 410 which is woven into the wall of the inner tube 407 (see Fig. 4d).
    For self-supporting inner tubes as described above with reference to Fig. 4, a support structure can advantageously be arranged by arranging support collars according to Fig. 4a) in the respective ends of the inner tube, in order to facilitate mounting and connection to the outer casing (ie connection to end plates, connection socket by means of, for example, gluing or welding). This type of support structure is also suitable for other embodiments described herein.
    It will be appreciated that one skilled in the art can modify the muffler described above in many ways and still utilize the advantages of the invention shown in the above embodiments. The muffler can, for example, be applied in a square or oval ventilation duct. Thus, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be defined only by the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    A muffler for a ventilation duct comprising: an outer casing; a continuous inner tube arranged inside the housing which forms an air duct through the muffler; and a sound-absorbing material arranged in the space between the inner tube and the outer casing characterized by: that the inner tube is flexible.
    [2]
    A muffler according to claim 1, wherein the wall of the inner tube is arranged to be air permeable or comprises an air permeable material.
    [3]
    A muffler according to claim 2, wherein said inner tube comprises a woven or nonwoven nonwoven fabric.
    [4]
    A muffler according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wall of the inner tube further comprises a reinforcing structure.
    [5]
    A muffler according to claim 4, wherein the reinforcing structure is arranged inside the wall of the inner tube.
    [6]
    A muffler according to claim 4 or 5, wherein said reinforcing structure comprises metal wire or plastic wire.
    [7]
    A muffler according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein said reinforcing structure is arranged as one of a plurality of rings distributed along the inner tube, a helically wound tree, or a mesh structure. 10 15 20 25 11
    [8]
    A muffler according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said reinforcing structure comprises two connecting elements arranged at a respective end portion of the inner tube.
    [9]
    A muffler according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said inner tube is mounted so that the width of the air duct through the muffler is pivoted.
    [10]
    A muffler according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said inner tube is arranged to form at least an S, or U-shaped part of the air duct through the muffler.
    [11]
    A muffler according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one control means for determining the position and extent of the inner tube through the muffler.
    [12]
    A muffler according to claim 11, wherein said control means comprises a plate with or without a bushing for the inner tube, an annular holder, or an end with a supporting profile / supporting surface for indicating the position and extension / spread of the inner tube.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1350607A|SE538691C2|2013-05-17|2013-05-17|Silencer|SE1350607A| SE538691C2|2013-05-17|2013-05-17|Silencer|
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